Dr. Larochelle is an Associate Clinical Professor in the Department of Neurosciences at the University of Montreal, director of the clinician-scientist training program at the University of Montreal, and a clinician-researcher at the Research Centre of the University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM).

As a neurologist, she works in the demyelinating diseases clinic at CHUM, focusing on multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroinflammatory diseases. Her research program aims to understand the peripheral immune system's role in neuroglial function alteration in neuro-inflammatory disorders like MS and epilepsy, seeking to uncover complex immune mechanisms behind chronic neuroglial dysfunction and pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to mitigate immune-driven neuroglial lesions.